Handbook of Optics (Volume v)

Part 1. Geometrical Optics

Chapter 1. General Principles of Geometrical Optics

Douglas S. Goodman 

1.1 Glossary / 1.3 

1.2 Introduction / 1.7 

1.3 Fundamentals / 1.8 

1.4 Characteristic Functions / 1.13 

1.5 Rays in Heterogeneous Media / 1.18 

1.6 Conservation of Étendue / 1.22 

1.7 Skew Invariant / 1.23 

1.8 Refraction and Reflection at Interfaces between Homogeneous Media / 1.23 

1.9 Imaging / 1.26 

1.10 Description of Systems of Revolution / 1.32 

1.11 Tracing Rays in Centered Systems of Spherical Surfaces / 1.35 

1.12 Paraxial Optics of Systems of Revolution / 1.37 

1.13 Images About Known Rays / 1.43 

1.14 Gaussian Lens Properties / 1.44 

1.15 Collineation / 1.56 

1.16 System Combinations: Gaussian Properties / 1.63 

1.17 Paraxial Matrix Methods / 1.65 

1.18 Apertures, Pupils, Stops, Fields, and Related Matters / 1.74 

1.19 Geometrical Aberrations of Point Images: Description / 1.85 

1.20 References / 1.92 

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